Ratchet mechanism.



PATENTED MAR. 17, 1908.

v E.4 A. SCHADE. RATCHBT MBGHANISM.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 2. 1908.

Suva/n10@ Eig. Jaw/mf @13 al? @Hom/tege EDMUND A. SCHADE, OF NEWBRITAIN, CONNECTICUT.

RATCHET ME CHANISM.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented March 17', 1908.

` Application led June 2, 1906. Serial No. 319,827.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDMUND A. SCHADE, a citizen of the United States,residing at New Britain, county of Hartford, State of Connecticut, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Ratchet Mechanism, ofwhich the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to improvements in ratchet mechanism, and isparticularly intended for hand tools such as bit braces.

The application of J. I. Bartholomew, iled February 24th, 1905, shows aconstruction embodying certain principles of this invention.

It is my object to improve upon the Bartholomew construction and make itpossible to construct a mechanism having greater strength and adapted tooperate through a smaller degree of rotation of the drivingmember.

The invention consists in improvements, the principles of which areillustrated in the accompanying single sheet ol drawings.

Figure l is a side elevation of a portion ot' a bit brace embodying theimprovements of my invention. Fig. 2 is a fragmentary sectional viewshowing one otl the pawls in engagement with the ratchet, and anotherpawl disengaged. Fig. 3 is a horizontal section on the plane of the lineX-X Fig. 2, looking down, but showing two of the pawls in their positionof engagement with the ratchet. Fig. 4 is a horizontal section on theplane of the line Y-Y Fig. 2, looking up, with the pawls in the sameposition as shown in Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is a view showing the development ofthe cam operating member. Figs. 6 and 7 are detail side views of thepawl members. Fig. S is a vertical sectional view of the driving member.

1 indicates a portion ot what may be termed the driving member.

2 indicatesl a portion of the driven member. The driving member has ahub 3 which is slotted longitudinally at its lower end to providecarrying pockets for the several pawls later referred to, The drivenmember has a spindle 4 which extends through the driving member and issecured in place by suitable means, for instance, the screw 4J. Theratchet member 5 is carried by the driven member and has a plurality ofteeth extending longitudinally of the axis of the driven member. In thepreferred form, as shown, there are six teeth in this ratchet spaced Japart.

6 is a washer, which closes the pockets formed in the slotted hub Thepawl member rotates always with the driving member. The pawls 7 and 8constitute one set for cooperating with the teeth of the ratchet andtransmitting rotative movement from the driving to the driven member inone direction. These pawls are spaced apart 90o. Vhen the pawl 7 isengaging one of the teeth so as to transmit motion, the pawl 8 restsupon the outer 'laee otanother tooth of the ratchet, and thus operatesonly one at a time. The pawls 9 and 10 constitute another set fortransmitting motion in the opposite direction to the lirst set. Thesepawls 9 and 10 are opposite pawls 7 and 8 respectively, and are adaptedto operate one only at a time.

ll is a housing ring or sleeve carrying on its interior the cam memberI2, which is provided with the portions 7-8-9/ 10, corresponding withthe pawls 7, S, 9 and 10 respectively, and between which are recesses orspaces, as shown in Fig. 5. The pawls are held yieldingly in theiroperative positions by means of springs such as 13 and 14 pressing 'fromabove. Each pawl has an inward projection above the pawl tooth whichrests on an annular shoulder formed between the spindle 4 and the outer-tace ol the ratchet 5. These projections 15 also extend well into thelongitudinal slots in the driver 3.

l/Vhen the parts are in the position shown in Fig. 2, the pawl 7 is heldbetween the spindle 4 and the portion .7 ol' the cam, so that its toothis disengaged i'rom the ratchet teeth 5. In this position the pawl 8(not shown in Fig. 2) is held in a similar position by means o'lE theportion S of the cam. The pawl 9 is free to be tilted, and as shown isin engagement with a tooth of the ratchet, so that rotation may betransmitted from the driving to the driven member in a reverse clockwisedirection, as viewed in Fig. 4. At this time the pawl l0 rests on theouter surface of another of the ratchet teeth, as shown in Fig. 4. Thenthe driving member and its hub and pawl member are rotated clockwise, asviewed in Fig. 4, through the space of one tooth, the pawl 9 will rideup on the tooth to the rear and the pawl 10 will be so that wedging isprevented.

thrown into operative position with the tooth i upon which it hasrested. This ratchet operation may be continued so as to obtain acomplete revolution of the driven member by twelve impulses of thedriving member, although only four pawls are employed.

Vhen the parts are in the position shown in Fig. 3, the two oppositepawls being in engagement with the ratchet, rotation may be transmittedfrom the driving to the driven member in either direction, since theparts are now locked. When the cam l2 is rotated anti-clockwise, asviewed in Fig. 3, the portions 8 and 7 coperate with the i segments 8and 7 so as to prevent their engagement with the ratchet. This is theposition of Fig. 4. When the cam ring 12 is rotated in a clockwisedirection, as viewed in Fig. 8, the portions 9 and 10 coactwith thepawls 9 and 10 and prevent their coperation with the ratchet. ln suchposition the pawl section, composed of two pawls 7 and 8, will be inoperation.

By reason of the pawl segments being located in the slots in the drivinghub, they are engaged. by therelatively rotating spindle,

By the peculiar construction of pawls herein shown, it is possible toobtain a broad engagement between the pawl segments and the ratchetteeth,` so that the parts will have great strength and be little likelyto be injured in operation.

/Vhat I claim is:

1. In a ratchet mechanism, comprising driving and driven parts, aspindle connecting said parts,` a ratchet carried by one of said partsand having teeth facing outward from the axis thereof, a pawl fulcrumedat one end of said ratchet, a spring engaging the end face of said pawland carried by the driving part, and an operating member having a camportion arranged to coperate with said pawl to hold it from engagementwith the ratchet.

2. A ratchet mechanism, comprising driving and driven parts, a spindleconnecting said parts, a ratchet carried by one of said parts and havingteeth facing outwardly from the aXis thereof, a plurality of independentsets of pawls, the teeth of one set facing in a direction opposite tothe teeth of the other set, a fulcrum for said pawls at one end of saidratchet and springs engaging the end faces of said pawls, and apawl-operating device arranged to coperate with said pawls.

EDMUND A. SCHADE.

l/Vitnesses:

H. S. WALTER, L. E. CLEMoNs.

